MP3s Are Beneficial :: Music Technology Essays

MP3s Are Beneficial With the invention of the computer came the invention of the internet. That invention of the internet has changed our entire lives and will entire to continue to change our lives. The internet is not always entirely good, but with the availability of information and the newfound ease of communication most do not often think of the internet as troublesome. While some find certain aspects of the newest technology harmful, others appreciate the technology and use it to uncover new leaves. Early perhaps no one had the vision of how the internet would change the entertainment world to the point it has today. The form of email we have today wasn’t in the inventors minds nor anything such as live video broadcasts online. So people sitting in front of a computer downloading and sharing audio files from one another through a mediator was nowhere near the realm of the inventors either. For Shawn Fanning, a 18 year-old college drop-out the vision of sharing songs and other audio files was right down his alley. For days Fanning, whose friends nicknamed "Napster," went sleepless while scribbling a code for the file sharing program. Eventually the code for Napster was completed in mid-1999. Napster was to allow its users to share mp3 files amongst each other. Mp3’s are a compressed form of an audio file that take up much less space than other forms of audio files. A CD can hold up to 80 minutes of music most of the time, but in mp3 form it can hold up to 10 hours of music or sound, So with advantage of mp3’s the popularity of Napster grew amazingly fast and within a year "An average of 640,000 people were downloading songs" at any given time. But with the popularity came the glaring eye of the Recording Industry Association of American (RIAA). As college students all across America quickly discovered they can hear their favorite musicians or songs wi thin minutes and all it takes is a few clicks of a mouse. College campuses started to ban the use of Napster as the RIAA was quickly moving to put a strong hold on the file sharing program. The RIAA’s position was "The record labels, as musicians' representatives, have long had legal control of how songs are distributed--and the ability to make money from that distribution.

Cooper Pharmaceuticals Case Analysis Essay

On the surface, the issue of Bob Marsh’s firing from Cooper Pharmaceuticals appears to be an open and shut case; he did not adhere to the repeated warnings by management to alter his performance and selling style, therefore he was fired. However, other considerations are in play when you analyze this case further. Bob was an employee of Cooper for twelve years at the time of his termination, and had seemingly improved his performance when prompted to do so. Bob was also exceptionally well received by physicians, office receptionists, and hospital personnel, which is a vital attribute when being a â€Å"detailer.† His persistent downside, though, was his lack of organization, planning, and follow-up, and a tendency to question some of the company’s major promotion programs. The central question to this case is, â€Å"how could this happen to someone like Bob Marsh in a company like Copper?† In my opinion, while Cooper Pharmaceuticals was not entirely withou t fault, Bob’s termination was primarily the result of his own actions, or lack thereof. Cooper Pharmaceuticals was a major manufacturer of prescription drugs for the medical and dental professions and had a reputation throughout the industry for having â€Å"excellent† management practices. The company fielded a sales force of over 500 detailers whose job was to persuade medical personnel to use and prescribe Cooper Pharmaceuticals’ drugs. Initially, Bob fit the mold of what was desired by Cooper in prospective employees. He was rated highly in his sincerity, aggressiveness, attitude, enthusiasm, learning ability, judgment, character, affability, and appearance; Bob seemed like the perfect fit. He was hired about a month after his initial interview and, much to his delight, was assigned to a territory in his hometown, Toledo. From there, Bob was seemingly ready to start his training and begin a long and prosperous career with Cooper. An effective sales training program is vital to the success of a company’s sales force. A training program should have a finite set of objectives: increased sales productivity, lower turnover, higher morale and sense of purpose, improved communication, improved customer relations, and improved self-management. It is also impor tant that companies provide a method for systematically reinforcing their training programs. Otherwise, salespeople are unlikely to change their behavior. The training at Cooper Pharmaceuticals, in principle, should have worked quite well. Employees,  including Bob, showed signs of increased sales performance on a year-to-year basis, and in 1989 sales exceed $1 billion. Turnover was low for their industry, around 8%. Also, 60% of detailers had ten or more years with the company, and 25% had fewer than five years. Each employee received a company car, generous benefits, and reimbursement for normal business expenses. Bob, while maintaining the same position as detailer, went from a starting salary of $35,000 in year one to a salary over $60,000 in his twelfth year. Bob received a month’s training in product characteristics and selling, or detailing, skills at Cooper’s headquarters. Aside from this training, both new and experienced detailers received regular training from the 35 district managers. This reinforcement was done so to ensure that all detailers mai ntained the level of expertise and professionalism requisite of a Cooper Pharmaceuticals detailer. From these facts, it becomes more apparent that the necessary skills to be successful were properly trained, informed, and reinforced in Bob by Cooper. Even from his initial interview with Cooper, there was one glaring fault Bob possessed: his seeming indifference to organization. His first district manager, John Meredith, felt that Bob gave little advanced thought to the physicians he hoped to see. Then, upon seeing the physicians, he had no definite plan or approach once in the physician’s office. From the beginning of this class, we learned that pre-approach is vital to the selling process. In this stage, information is gathered about the prospect to decipher the specific needs they have. As noted in the beginning of the case, Bob had many references from physicians and medical personnel. I believe that these relationships caused Bob to become lazy in his pre-approach and approach, and ultimately served as a crutch on which he began to rely. In addition to his lack of organization, Bob displayed more interest in developing his own promotional programs than in following the plans outlined at district meetings, and he would also second-guess promotions by deciding, on his own, which products to promote. This should have been a huge red flag for John Meredith. What would happen if a baseball player blatantly disregarded a sign and decided to swing when his coach told him not to swing? That player would find himself on the bench. If that player continually disobeyed his coach’s instructions he would find himself looking for a new team. In this instance, though, Bob was not benched. He was instead given a list of suggestions on how he could improve in certain  areas, including: * Should overcome the tendency to prejudge customers and promotion programs * Should be more responsive to management directives * Should give more attention to planning and organization As becomes evident as Bob’s tenure at Cooper Pharmaceuticals continued, he failed to adopt this initial list of suggestions, yet his employment perpetuated. After John Meredith, there was Bill Couch, then Jim Rathburn, followed by Vince Reed, Antonia Wilkens, and ultimately Ted Franklin. Six supervisors in a twelve year span is a high number. Then, when you consider the fact that many of them were young, motivated, and driven, it becomes clearer why Bob was able to keep his job. His sales numbers were constantly at quota, and there were no issues in terms of customer relations. By the time his deficiencies were noted, a new district manager was in already in place. It seems that Bob was aware of this trend and used it to his advantage. So long as he hit his sales quotas and kept customers happy, all would be well. The case states that every Cooper Pharmaceutical detailer was evaluated in terms of both sales volume and improvement in his or her relationships with customers. From this statement one could conclude that Bob should have retained his job. His sales volumes were constant yearly, sometimes increasing. He also, evident from the multiple inquiries from current customers upon his termination, maintained wonderful working relationships with his customers. The evaluation process at Cooper Pharmaceuticals is what perpetuated Bob’s employment with the company. While looking at just the sales numbers, Bob appeared to be a great employee. However, there are other factors to consider when evaluating employees. Most managers or supervisors would likely agree that they wished their employees follow their instructions when prompted to do so. To ensure that a case similar to Bob’s does not become the norm at Cooper Pharmaceuticals there are three steps that management should take. One, they should maintain a better record keeping process of employment evaluations. It is possible that because this example occurred during the 1980s, record keepi ng was maintained on paper rather than computers. However, that does not excuse an employee who repeatedly makes the same mistakes to be retained. Two, there should be a  more streamlined transition process for an outgoing district manager to pass on files/documentation to the new district manager. For example, Bob was placed on probation by Vince Reed that required him to improve performance to an acceptable level within 90 days. However, upon Vince Reed’s subsequent transfer, no one followed up on Bob’s performance. Bob’s probationary status had â€Å"evaporated.† Three, they should enact a three-strike policy. One could receive a strike for failing to reach sales quotas, not following management’s instructions, or falling customer relations. An employee would be fired following strike three. Doing this step would make the threat of termination a tangible thought, employees would be fully aware that constant missteps and mess-ups will not be tolerated. The thought of Bob Marsh being reinstated or there being any legal ramifications for Cooper Pharmaceuticals is laughable. Bob was given the chance to improve his faults on multiple occasions, yet he failed to do so for any extended period of time. He took advantage of the fact that each new district manager gave him the chance to improve. Then, his performance would slip little by little, but by this time a new district manager would be in place and the process would repeat itself. Not until Ted Franklin took over did the process change course. Ted looked over all of Bob’s previous deficiencies and realized that his record was not good and Bob would have to follow an outline given to him and complete weekly reading assignments. Not only did Bob fail to follow this agreement, he accepted his subsequent termination with little resistance or comment. The fact that Bob would call Cooper Pharmaceuticals and say he was treated unfairly is preposterous. He should be thankful for his twelve years of employment at the company and that none of his previous district managers were as competent or paid as close attention to detail as Ted Franklin. Yes, Bob appears to have maintained great relationships with his customers, and as we learned in class 80% of sales tends to come from 20% of the customers. So it is, realistically, a possibility that some business would be lost from the decision to terminate Bob. However, a company with the reputation of Cooper Pharmaceuticals should not keep an employee simply because a few clients from one sales region want him to be retained. Certain offers, such as incentives or promotions could be provided to these customers in attempt to ensure their repeated business and prove that not just Bob can provide great service and keep them happy customers. In addition, Cooper  Pharmaceuticals should, while not being defamatory or slanderous, fully outline the faults Bob possessed as an employee and effectively relay these as the reasons of his termination to Bob’s accounts. So, to answer this case’s central question, this termination happened to Bob Marsh because of Bob Marsh.

Personality Profile Essay - 1107 Words

Personality Profile MGT/360 Personality Profile In modern business, it is important to have a mindset of sustainability and environmentally friendly business practices. Two fundamental characteristics of an effective and sustainable leadership model are having the foresight of what the company is trying to attain and identifying the worth in the process and supplying the leadership to reach the companies goals. Leadership begins with trusting in the process, and adhering to the steps themselves. The single best way to achieve this is to lead by example. In this paper the author will explain how Marie Ziegler of John Deere help set the company on the path it follows today. Marie Ziegler has set the standard for John†¦show more content†¦Marie recognized that the customers are the reason a company exists. As a good leader she understood that without customers, there is no need for the products that John Deere provides. The product and the service that any company provides is a direct reflection of the dedication of a company, its values and its employees. The conduct of a business from the president and CEO all the way down to the staff on the sales floor reflects a company’s values. Strategy is what a leader uses to develop a set of actions to follow that supports long term visions, values and objectives (Desjardins, 2007). Strategy is the crucial aspect for the integrated management system. There are key elements to developing the strategy that surrounds all the health, safety, and environmental considerations required to fulfill the strategic plan. Included within this are the planning process, setting targets and objectives, establishing and environmental policy that backs the vision of the company, contemplating which industry code of practices will be instituted, and defining the framework for communication. When these aspects are combined, they create an environmental policy that states a company’s base principals and projected intentions for environmental performance. Marie exhibits a take control type personality which is a strongShow MoreRelatedPersonality Profile : My Personality Essay1121 Words   |  5 PagesI have to admit that I was skeptical at completing the personality profile. I thought, â€Å"How could a few questions determine everything about my management style†. When I received my results, I was astonished at how accurate these results portrayed my personality. While deciding which of my personality traits were advantageous and which were detrimental to my management style, I became conflicted as all of my scores can be portrayed as both positive and negative depending on the situation. I wouldRead MorePersonality Profile : My Personality Essay1106 Words   |  5 PagesI have to admit that I was skeptical in completing the personality profile. 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ItRead MorePersonality Profile : Lamont Thomas1246 Words   |  5 PagesMike Sutherland 12/5/2014 Personality Profile Lamont Thomas: The Running Man Lamont Thomas had only been running for a couple of weeks when people started calling him â€Å"The Running Man†. He runs every day logging 84 miles a week, which is a lot, but when considering dedicated daily runners this is nothing exceptional. When he runs, Lamont attracts a lot of attention. His friends joke this because â€Å"He’s running so fast it looks like he stole something.† But it isn’t Lamont’s speed that sets him

Conjugating Chérir in French

Its likely that you know the French expression mon chà ©ri,  meaning my darling. Similarly, the verb  chà ©rir  means to cherish, so this should be an easy word to learn.   Conjugating the French Verb  Chà ©rir In French, verbs must be conjugated to express the past, present, or future tense. They must also match the subject pronoun, so the ending for I cherish is different than that for we cherish. This makes French conjugations more challenging than in English, but it will get easier as you learn more verbs. Chà ©rir  is a  regular -ir verb  and it follows a prescribed pattern in the conjugations. First, you must recognize the verbs stem, which is  cher-. Then, you will add the appropriate ending. For instance, I cherish adds an -is  to create je chà ©ris. Likewise, we cherish adds -issons  to create nous chà ©rissons. As you begin to recognize these common -ir  endings, you can apply them to similar verbs like  accomplir  (to accomplish) and  abolir  (to abolish). Subject Present Future Imperfect je chris chrirai chrissais tu chris chriras chrissais il chrit chrira chrissait nous chrissons chrirons chrissions vous chrissez chrirez chrissiez ils chrissent chriront chrissaient The Present Participle of  Chà ©rir The  present participle  of chà ©rir  is  chà ©rissant. This change is done by adding an -ant  to the stem  chà ©r-. This form is very versatile because you can use it as an adjective, gerund, or noun as well as a verb. The Passà © Composà © and Past Participle A  common way to express the past tense in French is with the passà © composà ©. For this form, you will conjugate  avoir, the  auxiliary verb,  for the subject, then attach the  past participle  chà ©ri. For example, I cherished is jai chà ©ri and we cherished is nous avons chà ©ri. More Simple  Chà ©rir  Conjugations As you learn more French, you may find uses for the subjunctive verb mood when the verbs action is uncertain. Likewise, the conditional verb mood is used when the action is dependent on something. In rare instances, you might come across the passà © simple or the imperfect subjunctive. These are primarily found in literature and you should be able to recognize them. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je chrisse chrirais chris chrisse tu chrisses chrirais chris chrisses il chrisse chrirait chrit chrt nous chrissions chririons chrmes chrissions vous chrissiez chririez chrtes chrissiez ils chrissent chriraient chrirent chrissent The imperative verb form is used for short exclamations. When using it, skip the subject pronoun and say the verb alone: chà ©ris rather than tu chà ©ris. Imperative (tu) chris (nous) chrissons (vous) chrissez

Does Immigration Hurt U.s. Workers - 1284 Words

When searching and analyzing which topic to choose for my research paper I was a little bit confused but then I stopped at a very interesting for me and hopefully for my group mates topic, which sounds Economic Impacts of Hispanic Immigration. I have chosen this topic, as it is very actual and troublesome situation for many American workers. For the beginning I choose one source (article) where I can discus the topic. Does Immigration Hurt U.S. Workers? – Nowadays it is the main meaningful and very instable question for many skilled (experienced) politicians and economists who can not answer this critical question directly, without doubts and misunderstandings that is why the rest of the public is left looking for answers. The only one,†¦show more content†¦In both states, migrant workers tripled between 1990 and 2000, which means that U.S.-born workers fared better in the state with a much larger immigrant workforce. Generally all this enormous numbers of immigrant workers show and clarify one point that immigration alone does not explain starkly different outcomes for U.S.-born workers. If the country is continuing to deny and debate immigration policy, measures of economic impact won’t anyway resolve the argument one way or another. (â€Å"Does Immigration Hurt U.S. Workers?†) After reading carefully and attentively the article I can conclude that on the one hand the increasing of immigration in US is painful and negative to native-born US workers especially low-skilled workers but on the other hand continuing to provide US with the immigrant work force is not so bad but even good for the American economy. One of this people who are against the illegal immigration is Andrew Sum, an economist who states that the large number of immigrants have displaced and covered the low-skilled US born-workers, which is critically bad for American people. According to the statement of Andrew Sum â€Å"about 85.5 of every 100 new workers are new immigrants in this

Marketing Management of Billy Supermarket-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the the Marketing Management of Billy Supermarket . Answer: Company Background Billa has a chain of supermarket, it has opened first in 2000 and after that it never looked back. It has expanded in more than 35 Bulgarian cities, and currently operating 104 supermarkets. It has its maximum stores in Sofia. Billa is owned by Rewe Group. It is going to launch a new product of their own brand i.e. Billys pickle` There are various types of factors that influence the company and being a retail company it is more influenced by the, psychological and environmental behavior. The environmental factors, advertisement, pricing, strategies that will decide the future profit of the new product. A supermarket is mainly for all classes, as it has all kinds of products, therefore psychologically it is often seen that many people prefers supermarket as it has a variety of item which becomes easier of them to buy, they can do a weekly purchase, they can experiment with other products as well as buy the ones that is their personal favorite. Supermarket always has different kinds of brands which are another factor for the customers to go there (Stanciu 2016). Communication process and Regulation Supermarket has different types of communication requirement; it is different from normal departmental stores. The industrial revolution has brought changes in terms of communication and regulation. (McChesney 2015) The company used many devices as check stand scale, service department scale, and EFT (Electronic Funds Transfer), ATM (Automated Teller Machine) and store credit card terminal, direct store delivery access points, series I computer, all of these devices has to be connected in case of a harsh environment. In a supermarket they keep a commercial relationship with the retailers and their direct suppliers as long as it relates to the supply or sale of the products. However, wholesalers and retailers will be covered by the regulations of over 60 million turnovers (Grabosky 2013). Role of Advertising and Branding in Promotional Strategies Advertisement is very important for promoting a brand; in case the brand is already well-known then it becomes easier for the company, in order to launch their own product of their personal brand they have to make an advertisement strategy (Aaker and Biel 2013). The advertisement on the other hand has to be effectively given out the right message so that it leaves a mark on the customers. Before giving out an advertisement there should be a proper plan and hence there will be a couple of things, the advertisement will be attractive and appealing for the customer, it will give a proper tagline which has to be short and crisp and notable. In todays world there is variety of choices in giving out advertisement, like print media, television, social networking sites etc. For example in a supermarket they sell variety of goods and even services with respect to different group of customers. Promotion is basically used to achieve different kind of purposes. In a supermarket they have marketi ng mix is main way to make the most of customers satisfaction which results in high market shares and sales. The prime tools of marketing mix are; product price, promotion, place, customer solution, customer cost, communication and convenience, putting all these together will form a market mix and the figure of these shows the relationship between the four Ps and four Cs. There is competition in the market and therefore these advertisement and promotional ideas are even more important. . By using digital advertising techniques, the company can take on the customers in two-way communication. This allows the company to modify their branding posts and promotional propose for small and even micro, audiences that mirror their requirements and preferences. Current Trends in Advertising and Promotion with impact of ICT Currently there are various medium to promote, like newspapers, television and of course the power of internet and social media. This type of advertisement depends on which page it has been printed. Supermarkets are completely dependent on information and communication technology i.e. monitors control sale and performance sales, it helps to collect the entire data about the customers using loyalty cards which offers points whenever money is spent in the store. As technology moves on to increase, different types of advertisement are used to attract the consumers in supermarket (Andrews and Shimp 2017). The digital optimization is important to success. The new technology is compelling the marketers to arrange a line in their advertising and promotion. The new apps are making it easier for the consumers to collect their things. This data is technically used to examine and analyze the spending habits of the customers and according to that they send them offers for the exact type products they buy generally. Consumers behaviour depends on the sale and their advertisement. The strategy should be such that the consumer will flock to the market, when the consumer understands that they are going not only going to get different type of products but also different types of brands then they will get a lot more options (Fulgoni and Lipsman 2014). However traditional media stays feasible in many occasions. The abundance of expert programs that comes on cable TV might offer great promotional opportunities. In fact they can promote their brand name in some movies which will also help in recognizing the brand name. The flow in digital content and the surfacing of digitalization, however it creates a real opportunity. Branding is mainly the playing field of big business with mass previously, with vast mass-advertising budgets, is now probable for tiny businesses(Buil, De and Martnez 2013). Benefits of Relationship Marketing to Organizations Marketing relationship is very important for every organization. Relationship marketing means brands were recognizing the need to move past a series of transactional campaigns. Relationship marketing is an emotional and private connection to a brand. This connection is based on the trust which is made through the steady delivery of a product or service which exceeds or meets the customer expectations. This trust comes with time and experience, and its hard to sustain, however brand should recognize their cultural proposition to flourishing strategy of marketing relationship. It also increases the values and compels to make profit. In order to gain insights relationship marketing strategy begins with insight data relationship marketing is very important. This helps to reveals challenges and opportunities. The first step of a marketing strategy is the goals and objectives that it addresses the main adjectives and goals. A big company like Billy who already has a big chain market all ov er the world has upper-hand in the market as they are experienced (Campbell and Martin 2015). They already have loyal customers as well as suppliers. Billa makes sure that the customers work together and so that they meet customers needs. They always take feedback from the customer and provide them with time to time offers to motivate them. They make sure customers are satisfied with their products so that they share their experience with other people. This will profit their market as more and more people will come. They also provide with innovative ideas like introducing new products and brands of their own (Mokhtarian and Tal 2013). Goals and Strategy Billy supermarket mainly looks after to the fact that people are satisfied with the food products according to their choice. In order to take care of the masss need, the new product that has launch which is an exclusive product which Billys Pickle. This product will serve the mass market, as it is affordable. To make sure that the product will work, different methods will be implemented to analyze whether this product will make profit or not. The main goal is to make sure that the customer likes the product or not, therefore before launching the products certain measures has to be taken in account, like the economical distribution, what is the nature and need of the market and the cost benefit for both the customers and the market. The outlets advertising that specific brands outlet will be handed to the customers who are coming to the store and even outside the store. The marketing mix i.e. the four Ps and Cs should be taken into account (Abeza, OReilly and Reid 2013). Another strat egy which should be focused on is shelves strategy, where all the new products will be kept together in the first level, as that is the most important level, because the consumer will be able to see the product clearly. Any new product should be kept in the first shelves as it will be easy to notice and will create a certain kind of interest for the consumer for the product. The strategy will be free samples or offers like buy one get one free, these kind of strategies, intrigues the customers and makes them buy the product. Barrier Evaluation and Ethical and Legal Issues of Marketing There can be several barriers for the entry of the product, the barriers especially can be both innocent and deliberate, it also acts as prevention against the new competitors. As Billy is already an established company therefore it is easier to market (Albert and Merunka 2013). However, still it has to follow certain evaluation, like porters five forces which basically decide the strength of the industry i.e. industry rivalry, bargaining power of the buyers, the bargaining power of the suppliers and the threat to substitute (Armstrong et al. 2014). As Billy is famous therefore there might not be any threat to substitute, but the buyers will have the bargaining power according to their preference, even though there will be no problem in the supplier because it already has trusted supplier, so before launching a new product they talk to their suppliers as it has already developed a bond. In order to overcome all these issues the company should first segment their market, which is sele cting target customers, it is generally focuses that whether the buyer is well funded or not. Another important factor is the legal and ethical issue, these varies from place to place mainly. Nonetheless the ethical marketing assessment and effort will be according to the customers, business partners and supplier need and satisfaction (Peck et al. 2013). Customers always prefers ethical companies, unethical behavior like price wars, advertisement selection and misleading advertisement should be avoided in highest degree as this will give a bad image of the company. Pricing and Communication Policies Billy pickle will start with market penetration which falls under Ansoff Matrix, it will focus on selling the offered products into the existing market to gain and expand a higher market price. This is one of the smartest pricing strategies to be used as it has the lowest amount of risk. This strategy will help to sell more to both the current and the new customers. For example if the current customer base consist of women between the age group of 17-25 then the strategy will involve trying to sell more of the existing product to the same group. The main objective of the communication is to describe what added value this Billys pickle will add in the company and also for customer. Communication is very important in this case as it depends on the consumer media changes. Retailers run advertisement and promotions to attract customers to the store. The most important communications strategy is to make potential customers aware of your store and the product they offer (Hamilton and Chern ev 2013). The communication in a supermarket can be done in various ways; it will have an online site, where they can give updates about the new product and a description about it. There can also be an app throw which they can connect with their customers (Svoboda and Kopecka 2015). Importance of Brand Loyalty Brand loyalty is very important for any company; however for a reputed brand it is even more vital to maintain the standard of the company so the brand loyalty remains. For example if the company supports a cause which the buyers do not agree with then the buyer might switch their brand and therefore the loyalty is gone. The customer is measured to be the bread and butter of the company, it keeps the brand alive. In this supermarket they provide the customers with a card which keep a track of their buying and add points so that they can redeem those points and get a amount of discount when they want to, these kind of things builds the bond between the customer and the company and creates brand loyalty (Nagle, Hogan and Zale 2016). These cards are basically a strategy to achieve long term goals. Billy has its store in almost all over the world. Therefore the market value of their brand is already very high. There are a number of factors which influence the behaviour of the customers w ithin this kind of supermarket, which are the benefits that the customer will get while shopping from that particular brand (Swoboda 2013). Two type of psychology works in the mind of customers when they go to the same shop and have a loyalty for that brand, i.e. instant gratification and delayed gratification. Instant gratification works when there is a sale going on, in the super market the customer will get various offers, and the delayed gratification happens when the customers knows that they can buy now and add the points to their card which they can take today (Rosenbaum, Percy and Pervan 2015). This forms the brand loyalty. Campaign effectiveness and the Key requirements of the Plan Campaign effectiveness will depend on the sale, therefore when the product was launched, there were many people who bought the product and even in the below the line communication was successful, where people tasted all the flavors and liked it. Even though the garlic pickle and the mango pickle was more of a favorite among the people, even the advertisement in the television worked as a lot of people flocked just to try this product. The key requirements that made this possible was various analysis before launching the product and the strategies, be it porters five forces or advertisement and communication. The ATL and BTL test also confirmed the success of the plan (Siddiqi 2014). Evaluation of the product according to ATL and BTL Communication The company is mostly known for using above the line advertisement and marketing communication. In above the line advertisement the new launched product is showed through the mass media to promote brands and reach out to a bigger target consumer. It grasps a great number of buyers. This also includes conventional media like television and radio advertising, internet as well as print. So this will communicate to a wide spread audience and not to individual customers (Iqbal and Malik 2017). ATL ( Above The Line) advertising helps as they try to reach out to the mass as consumer audience. Below the line communication is something which involves distribution of handbills, pamphlets, stickers, brochures placed at the point of sale, on road through banners. BTL is mainly followed by the companies which are low on budget. It also involves product demos and samples, which will be a benefit for this product as it is people and in a mall if there is a sample of it then people might taste it an d take according to their choices. However ATL helps the most in terms of growth of the not only of that particular product but also market. It increases the overall sale and the popularity of the brand (Rucheva 2015). BTL (Below the Line) is used mostly to test the product before launching it that whether it is working for the customers or not. This brand launch of pickle has three different kinds of flavors; garlic based pickle, mango based pickle and carrot based pickle, now with the sample products people will get to taste it and take according to their choice. BTL is more like marketing directly with the costumers. Both ATL and BTL is has different ways to attract customers, but for this product as it is a supermarket product therefore it can use both ATL and BTL mode of communication as it will benefit from both. The first strategy should be the use of ATL advertisement that is advertisement to promote the product, once people gets to know the product and then it will increase customers in the supermarket; simultaneously BTL advertisement is also important as it includes staff interacting with the customers demonstrating the product, it can also include direct mail promotional campaigns. This will create more interest for the customers. (Hossain 2015) BTL advertisement is handled by the company itself, and it might not be involved in the advertising campaign. BTL advertisement is mainly used when there is a need to have a personal relation or interaction with the customers. To understand the need of pickle in the market and how many people wants it or likes it Therefore especially in a supermarket these kind of tests are very important as it gives a statistic about that particular new product. (Udod 2014) ATL communication happens on a big scale whereas BTL communication takes place for a small group of customers, however because Billys supermarket is a big brand by itself and has its stores all over the world therefore it can afford ATL advertisement and they have to reach out to all of their customers therefore it is more important for them. However they have several stored in different localities therefore to connect with their customers they use BTL as well Conclusion It concludes with the fact that a before a product is launched there are many steps that should be taken into account and therefore the above evaluation is done accordingly. All the analysis are very important, be it the environmental factors or the psychological factors. All the stages are very important and should be taken care of. The entire report has been given in an elaborated way a, covering every corner of a business strategy. It has evaluated the above the line and below the line justification as well, with the ethical evaluation and brand loyalty, therefore the hypothetical situation has been justified well and the purpose has been well served References Aaker, D.A. and Biel, A., 2013. Brand equity advertising: advertising's role in building strong brands. Psychology Press. Abeza, G., OReilly, N. and Reid, I., 2013. Relationship marketing and social media in sport. International Journal of Sport Communication, 6(2), pp.120-142. Albert, N. and Merunka, D., 2013. The role of brand love in consumer-brand relationships. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 30(3), pp.258-266. Andrews, J.C. and Shimp, T.A., 2017. Advertising, promotion, and other aspects of integrated marketing communications. Nelson Education. Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S. and Kotler, P., 2014. Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. Buil, I., De Chernatony, L. and Martnez, E., 2013. Examining the role of advertising and sales promotions in brand equity creation. Journal of Business Research, 66(1), pp.115-122. Demirkan, H. and Spohrer, J., 2014. Developing a framework to improve virtual shopping in digital malls with intelligent self-service systems. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 21(5), pp.860-868. Fulgoni, G. and Lipsman, A., 2014. Numbers, please: Digital game changers: How social media will help usher in the era of mobile and multi-platform campaign-effectiveness measurement. Journal of Advertising Research, 54(1), pp.11-16. Grabosky, P., 2013. Beyond Responsive Regulation: The expanding role of non?state actors in the regulatory process. Regulation Governance, 7(1), pp.114-123. Hamilton, R. and Chernev, A., 2013, October. Low prices are just the beginning: Price image in retail management. American Marketing Association Hossain, M., 2015. Role of BTL in marketing communication. Iqbal, H. and Malik, Z.K., 2017 Selecting an Appropriate Source of Media as an Effective Source of Promotion and Communication From ATL and BTL Modes of Advertising. City University, RESEARCH JOURNAL (CURJ), p.226. McChesney, R.W., 2015. Rich media, poor democracy: Communication politics in dubious times. New Press Mokhtarian, P.L. and Tal, G., 2013. Impacts of ICT on Travel Behavior: a tapestry of Relationships. Handbook of Transport Studies, Sage. Nagle, T.T., Hogan, J. and Zale, J., 2016. The Strategy and Tactics of Pricing: New International Edition. Routledge. Peck, H., Christopher, M., Clark, M. and Payne, A., 2013. Relationship marketing. Taylor Francis. Rosenbaum-Elliott, R., Percy, L. and Pervan, S., 2015. Strategic brand management. Oxford University Press, USA. Rucheva, A., 2015. Determinants of joint supplier-retailer project performance in category management field. Siddiqi, Z., Sohail, S., Ali, S.G. and Nasim, S., 2014. Impact of BTL Activities on Brand Awareness of Tetra Pack Milk. International Journal of Multidisciplinaryand Current Research, 2. Stanciu, S., 2016 The Romanian Food Retail Market-Present And Perspectives. Svoboda, R. and Kopecka, L., 2015 The Sweezy model of price competition among private labels of chain stores. Swoboda, B., Berg, B., Schramm-Klein, H. and Foscht, T., 2013. The importance of retail brand equity and store accessibility for store loyalty in local competition. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 20(3), pp.251-262. Udod, C., , ?.?. and , ?.?., 2014. ATL, BTL, TTL Advertising.

Leadership Analysis Performance and Profitability

Question: Discuss about theLeadership Analysis: Performance and Profitability. Answer: Narrative The capacity to work for a reputable firm with self-driving workmates is a wish for any student that has graduated. Moreover, the feeling is greater when the management offers you a permanent employment, thus, becoming one of the critical assets of the enterprise that strive to improve performance and profitability. Notably, I had searched for various internship opportunities in several technology firms during the summer holiday of 2016 but failed to acquire a chance due to lack of certificate to indicate course completion. However, after several applications and also on the verge of giving up towards internship, my parents were glad to serve me with a letter from Sony Corporation. A closer look onto the paper, it came from the head of the human resource and the person requested me to report to work the following week which was 2/5/2015. Notably, there was joy in the whole family due to this rare but vital opportunity to develop financially and professionally. The first day of reporting to work was matriculation day in which the new recruits were taught on various organizational culture and the expectations towards the assigned tasks. I came to understand that Sony Corporation strives on strong work ethics that are committed towards deliverance of quality and satisfying commodities (Sony.net 2016). After the fresher course that took two days, I was placed in charge of ten personnel and tasked with the responsibility of evaluating the work environment within the company. Significantly, we delivered a report which concluded that the department needed some expansion due to the increase in the number of employees. To achieve these recommendations, the group suggested the utilization of an open-office system that allows people to consult one another in a shorter period besides reducing the amount of money the corporation could be using to construct offices. The report reached the management after a week of research and interview that encompassed the employees, senior management, and non-technical officials. However, the same procedure had been conducted five years ago, but the program failed in its implementation stage due to increased resistance from the personnel. Conversely, after proper evaluation of the recommendations, the manager decided to execute the endorsements that highlighted the need to initiate open plan sitting system in the business. The model would reduce the expense the company uses to furnish particular offices besides easing communication among the staff. Analysis The key factor that required a critical decision from the manager was the need to implement open plan system in which workers would have to work in a common section. As such, the offices would be removed and allow easy and prompt communication among the workmates. Due to the resistance and dilemma in this approach in the previous years, the leader acted in rationality to implement the concept after forming a task force that evaluated the situation. Consequently, situational and contingency models are utilized to analyse the actions of the manager and the effects of this action on the welfare of the personnel. Elements of the Theories Notably, situational approach model helps the manager determine the direction of a task given that no specific leadership technique best fits circumstances (Fiedler 2015, p. 920). Further, the theory is also easy to apply to the personnel in an organization thus making it appropriate for the manager at Sony Corporation to control the differences that might arise in the company due to the coming changes. The model also helps the managers to determine the level of cooperation that exist among the workers. Consequently, the administrator is capable of organizing the personnel into groups thus enhancing teamwork and performance (Hon, Bloom, and Crant 2014, p. 922). Dynamism is also developed among the staff and leaders, a factor that enables the company to prosper regardless of the situations that occur in the industry (Andersen, Elliot, Swatman, Trauth, and Bjrn-Andersen 2013, p. 156). Essentially, the theory allows the manager to adjust and provide timely intervention in any case that influences the profitability of the business. Observably, the situational leadership approach allowed the manager to think critically about the need to launch the open plan method. Despite the difficulties associated with the system and the initial resistance by the employees, the administrator implemented the recommendation made by the task force. Observably, the new systems advantages outweigh the adversities given that the workers will be encouraged to work as a team and improve the competitiveness of the firm. However, the bad points on the style of the manager are the assumption that the personnel is highly motivated to propel the company in the industry through hard work (Du, Swaen, Lindgreen, and Sen 2013, p. 157). The administrator disregards the resistance to change that is highlighted by some members of the institution. This negligence is disastrous to the future performance of the agency since some employees believe that their welfare is ignored hence the lack of importance in the firm. The success of the company in the technological industry made the manager assume that the follower mentality is workable among the employees (Fiedler 2015, p. 232). This external factor affects the thinking of the director by believing that the decision does not directly influence the association with the customers. The internal factors such as increased collaboration among the workers due to the implementation of the concept also led to the making of the decision on the work environment. However, contingency theory states that the achievement of a manager depends on the decision one makes in the current case that affects a company (Northouse 2015). As such, aspects such as personality, the impacts of the situation, and the reaction of the members of the group largely affect the decision of the manager. The leadership style of an individual, therefore, is determined by the relationship one have with the subordinates, and these are concepts are effected through the provision of punishments and benefits concerning the action of the personnel (Oreg and Berson 2015, p. 52). Essentially, I believe that the manager made the right decision to introduce and open plan system in the company. The key gains of this system are its ability to promote cohesion, teamwork, unity, and proper flow of communication among the personnel. Additionally, the stakeholders also benefit from this plan through the increases in profits that are shared equally among the investors (Lussier and Achua 2015). References Andersen, K.V., Elliot, S., Swatman, P.M., Trauth, E.M. and Bjrn-Andersen, N. eds., 2013.Seeking success in e-business: A multidisciplinary approach(Vol. 123). Springer.Du, Shuili, Valrie Swaen, Adam Lindgreen, and Sankar Sen. "The roles of leadership styles in corporate social responsibility."Journal of business ethics114, no. 1 (2013): 155-169. Du, S., Swaen, V., Lindgreen, A. and Sen, S., 2013. The roles of leadership styles in corporate social responsibility.Journal of business ethics,114(1), pp.155-169. Fiedler, F., 2015. Contingency theory of leadership.Organizational Behavior 1: Essential Theories of Motivation and Leadership, p.232. Hon, A.H., Bloom, M. and Crant, J.M., 2014. Overcoming resistance to change and enhancing creative performance.Journal of Management,40(3), pp.919-941. Lussier, R.N. and Achua, C.F., 2015.Leadership: Theory, application, skill development. Nelson Education. Northouse, P.G., 2015.Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Oreg, S. and Berson, Y., 2015. Personality and Charismatic Leadership in Context: The Moderating Role of Situational Stress.Personnel Psychology, 68(1), pp.49-77. Sony.net. (2016). Sony Global - Ethics and Compliance. [online] Available at: https://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/csr_report/compliance/ [Accessed 11 Oct. 2016].